Worst Natural Disasters in the World: Relative to the Population

In the last 40 years, the Haiti earthquake has been the deadliest and most destructive natural disaster, when measured by the amount of deaths per inhabitants.   The following chart ranks these disasters by the “deaths per million inhabitants” column.

deadliest-natural-disasters-earthquake-cyclone-tsunami

This is an interesting way to look at the damage caused by these disasters, as it highlights the overall percentage of deaths in each country.  In the case of Haiti, approximately 2% of the population was killed.   That’s a staggering number.  Surely, every Haitian knew at least one person who lost their life in this tragedy.

Another takeaway is that it’s almost split evenly between earthquakes/tsunamis (a byproduct of earthquakes) and cyclones.

This article on 5 Probable Natural Disasters to Strike the United States contains some interesting predictions for the U.S.  It’s founded in scientific data, but at the end of the day, it’s only an educated guess.  Of course, we can never accurately predict any natural disaster.  But we can be prepared for them.


    2010 World Earthquakes Relative to the San Andreas Fault in California

    haiti-japan-chile-earthquake-magnitude

    As everyone knows by now, Chile was rocked with an enormous 8.8 earthquake early this morning.  This came just one day after a 7.0 in Japan and a little over a month from the devastating 7.0 in Haiti.

    The reality is, strong earthquakes occur around the world everyday.  In fact, around 50 earthquakes above magnitude 6.5 are recorded somewhere in the world each year.  This real-time earthquake magnitude tracking tool from the USGS, shows all the earthquakes that exceeded magnitude 5.0 in the last week.  At the time of writing, over 80 earthquakes were on the list!  The majority of them in the Chile region.

    earthquake-fault-typesIt is estimated that a magnitude 7.0 earthquake is equivalent to about half a million tons of high explosives. With each increase of 1.0 in the magnitude scale, it equates to 32 times more energy!  That means the earthquake in Chile was approximately 800 times stronger than the ones that hit Haiti and Japan!

    So how can that be?  How can an earthquake of the same magnitude in Japan and Haiti result in virtually no deaths and over 230,000 deaths respectively?  Further, how can an earthquake approximately 800 times stronger result in less than 1,000 deaths?  It depends on many factors including:

    1. density of the population
    2. infrastructure and economic status of the region
    3. education of the people
    4. financial resources available in the aftermath
    5. the type of earthquake (see chart on right)

    Southern California Earthquake Simulation

    As an example of this, Southern California is an extremely dense area of the United States.  It also lies on a massive fault line known as the San Andreas Fault.  Experts predict that a 7.8 magnitude quake would result in approximately 1,800 deaths.  A stark contrast from Haiti.  But they also estimate over 255,000 would be homeless and the economic result would be a devastating 213 billion in damages.

    Relative to the density of the population, the predicted death toll is very low compared to Haiti. This is due primarily to strict building code laws that require “earthquake-proof” construction. You could also argue that the education of the people (like school drills and public awareness) and the financial resources would have a large positive impact as well.

    This video is an amazing artistic depiction of such an earthquake on the San Andreas Fault:

    Be prepared.  Consider an earthquake survival kit for you and your loved ones.

    Survival Away From Home: Your Office Building (or Place of Work)

    While the responsibility should rest on your employer to take care of you in the aftermath of an emergency, most are unprepared or have miscalculated the needs.  In other words,  don’t count on it.

    So if you agree it’s a good idea to be prepared at work, where do you start?

    1. Start first by understanding what your employer has planned.   Ask the “man” for his plan.  Some businesses are required by law (OSHA) to have an emergency action plan.  This usually includes an evacuation plan, designated meeting places and  safe areas, communication procedures, and more.
    2. Next, find out what emergency supplies are readily available.  Hit up HR or your boss with questions like:
      - Do we have an emergency office kit? Where?
      - How much water and food do we have in case of an emergency?
      - How often is it replenished or reviewed?
    3. Finally, take matters into your own hands.  Even if you’re employer appears to be prepared, consider having your own plan and supplies. If you’re one of approximately 80% of Americans who drive to work, ensure you have a car survival kit (like we covered in this post about survival in your car).  This is quite appropriate if  you’re job requires heavy driving.  But even if you’re cooped up in a cubicle all day, your car will be within walking distance after a disaster.
    work-office-survival-kit

    Office Survival Kit Example

    Most of us spend 30-40%  of our “awake” time each week at work.  We labor nearly 1/3 of our lives.  So next time you’re taking a break at the water cooler, give this topic a little more thought.  It just might save your life.

    The Most Common Natural Disaster in the United States

    house-flooding

    It may surprise you that floods are the most common natural disaster in the United States.   This is followed by tornadoes and fires.  Based on the frequency of Presidential Declarations, floods and severe storms account for more than 50% of the disasters in all subregions of the United States.  In other words, no region in the U.S. is exempt from flooding.

    According to FEMA the following are the most frequent causes of flooding:

    1. Tropical Storms & Hurricanes
    2. Spring Thaws
    3. Heavy Rain
    4. Fire-Stricken Hills (combined with moderate rain)
    5. Levees & Dams
    6. Flash Floods
    7. New Urban Developments (combined with moderate rain)

    flood-damage-repair-money

    Flood Preparation

    So what can you do to prepare for a flood?

    1. Get an Emergency Kit
      Make sure you have the basics in a ready-to-go kit.
    2. Make a Plan
      Consider evacuation routes and an appropriate meeting place for your loved ones.
    3. Stay Informed
      Learn about your local warning systems and pay closer attention to the news during severe storms.  See your current flood risk right now!

    As with all disasters…they’re unpredictable.  Planning in advance can do wonders for your comfort and stress levels before, during, and after an emergency.

    Survival Away From Home: Your Car

    car-blizzard-storm-survivalEmergencies, disasters, and accidents happen when you least expect them.   This is no surprise to most of us.  But what may surprise you is that the average American spends more than two hours per day in the car.  That equates to more than 10% of your daily schedule.  If you commute to work, shuttle kids around all day, or work in a field that requires frequent travel, you are likely spending even more time behind the wheel.

    Below are ten items (in no particular order) you should have in your car at all times to be prepared:

    1. water (or water filtration bottle)
    2. food
    3. blanket (or survival sleeping bag)
    4. flashlight
    5. radio (hand-crank radio if possible)
    6. cash (small bills)
    7. waterproof matches (or lighter)
    8. distress signal (whistle or signal mirror)
    9. walking shoes
    10. first-aid kit